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Descriptive text

Teks Deskriptif

Grade: 10

Odd Semester

Basic Competencies:

3.4 Membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks deskriptif lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait tempat wisata dan bangunan bersejarah terkenal, pendek dan sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.

4.4.1 Menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks deskriptif, lisan dan tulis, pendek dan sederhana terkait tempat wisata dan bangunan bersejarah terkenal.
4.4.2 Menyusun teks deskriptif lisan dan tulis, pendek dan sederhana, terkait tempat wisata dan bangunan bersejarah terkenal, dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan, secara benar dan sesuai konteks.

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Description (Descriptive text)

General Features of Description

Social Purpose

Descriptions focus our attention on the characteristic features of a particular thing, eg Toby the Mongrel (as opposed to information reports, which deal with a general class of things, eg hunting dogs). The subject might be a person, eg Grandpa, a place, eg our house, or a thing, eg my favorite toy. It might be imaginative/impressionistic, eg a description as a poem or part of a narrative, or an objective description, eg a robbery suspect.

While descriptions can occur as ‘stand-alone’ texts, they are often part of a longer text, such as the description of a character or setting in a story or biography. Although they might not always be seen as a distinct text type, it is felt that the ability to describe someone or something in detail is an important skill that can contribute to a number of different text types.

Deskripsi memfokuskan perhatian kita pada ciri-ciri karakteristik dari sesuatu, misalnya Toby the Mongrel (yang membedakannya dari teks Information Report, yang lebih berhubungan dengan klasifikasi umum benda-benda/sesuatu, misalnya hunting dogs/anjing pemburu). Subyeknya bisa berupa seseorang/tokoh misalnya Grandpa, sebuat tempat misalnya Our House, atau sesuatu misalnya My Favourite Toy. Sesuatu yang dideskripsikan bisa bersifat imajinatif maupun impresionistik, misalnya deskripsi tentang sebuah puisi atau bagian dari sebuah naratif, atau deskripsi objektif misalnya tersangka pencurian.

Walau deskripsi dapat berupa teks yang berdiri sendiri, sering kali deskripsi menjadi bagian dari sebuah teks yang lebih panjang, misalnya deskripsi tentang seorang tokoh/karakter atau setting/latar dalam sebuah cerita atau biografi. Meskipun deskripsi tidak selalu dipandang sebagai teks dengan ciri khas dan tempatnya sendiri, tetap perlu dipahami bahwa kemampuan untuk menggambarkan/mendeskripsikan seseorang atau sesuatu secara detail adalah sebuah keterampilan penting yang dapat memberikan kontribusi pada berbagai macam jenis teks.

 

Structure

Descriptions are usually organized to include:

  • an introduction to the subject of the description; “hi class, I am going to describe about a tourism place, it is located in Central Java, …”

  • characteristic features of the subject, eg physical appearance, qualities, habitual behavior, significant attributes.

  • There may also be some optional evaluation interspersed through the text and an optional concluding comment.

Organisasi teks deskripsi meliputi:

  • Pengenalan subyek deskripsi: "hi teman-teman/anak-anak, saya akan mendeskripsikan/menggambarkan tentang sebuah tempat wisata, berlokasi di Jawa Tengah, ..."

  • Ciri-ciri karakteristik subyek, misalnya penampilan fisik, kualitas, watak/kebiasaan, atribut2/ciri2/sifat yang signifikan atau paling dominan.

  • Bisa juga terdapat kalimat-kalimat evaluatif yang bersifat penilaian atau kesan penulis/deskriptor yang biasa menyertai setiap bagian teks atau pada akhir teks/penutup berupa komentar yang bersifat menyimpulkan.

 

Grammar

Common grammatical patterns of description include:

  • use of particular nouns, eg my teacher, the Opera House, our cubby;

  • use of detailed noun groups to provide information about the subject, eg It was a large open rowboat with a tall front and a tall back (like a Viking boat of old), and it was of such a shining sparkling glistening pink color;

  • use of a variety of types of adjectives, eg opinion, factual, numbering, classifying;

  • use of relating verbs to provide information about the subject, eg My mum is really cool;

  • use of thinking and feeling verbs to express the writer’s personal view about the subject, eg Police believe the suspect is armed, or to give an insight into the subject’s thoughts and feelings, eg My friend Amanda adores chocolate icecream;

  • use of action verbs to describe the subject’s behavior, eg Our new puppy nips at our heels and wrestles with our slippers;

  • use of adverbials to provide more information about this behavior, eg Our new puppy always nips playfully at our heels;

  • use of similes, metaphors, and other types of figurative language, particularly in literary descriptions, eg But Mulga Bill, as white as chalk, sat tight …; that two-wheeled outlaw (Mulga Bill’s Bicycle).

Tata/unsur kebahasaan teks Deskripsi umumnya meliputi:​

  • penggunaan kata benda khusus misalnya my teacher/guruku, the Opera House, our cubby/rumah bermain kami;

  • penggunaan kelompok-kelompok kata benda yang mendetail untuk memberikan informasi tentang subyek, misalnya "it was a large open rowboat with a tall front and a tall back (like a Viking boat of old)", dan "it was such a shining sparkling glistening pink color";

  • penggunaan berbagai macam kata sifat, misalnya opini, faktual, angka, klasifikasi;

  • penggunaan kata kerja penghubung untuk memberikan informasi tentang subyek, misalnya "My mum is really cool.";

  • penggunaan kata kerja pemikiran dan perasaan untuk mengekspresikan pandangan pribadi penulis tentang subyek, misalnya "Police believe the suspect is armed," atau untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai fikiran dan perasaan subyek, misalnya "My friend Amanda adores chocolate icecream;

  • penggunaan kata kerja tindakan untuk menggambarkan perbuatan subyek, misalnya "Our new puppy nips at our heels and wrestles with our slippers.";

  • penggunaan kata keterangan untuk memberikan informasi lebih detail tentang perbuatan subyek, misalnya "Our new puppy always nips playfully at our heels.";

  • penggunaan simile, metafora, dan berbagai macam bahasa kiasan, terkhusus dalam deksripsi sastrais, misalnya "But Mulga Bill, as white as chalk, sat tight...; that two-wheeled outlaw (Mulga Bill's Bicycle).

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Source: NSW Module

Translated by Satrih, S.Pd., M.S.

EXAMPLES

Example 1
Example 2

Images source: NSW Module

If you have any questions, thoughts, concerns, do not hesitate to WhatsApp me (available on mobile access).

Jika ada pertanyaan, ada hal-hal yang sulit dipahami/menjadi ganjalan dalam belajarnya, jangan ragu untuk menghubungi saya via WhatsApp (fiturnya dapat terlihat pada tampilan layar HP).

Let's practice creating written and spoken descriptions:

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Project 1

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1. Theme: Describing any biological subjects; it could be anything from the world of humans, animals, plants, cells, microorganisms, mammals, insects, fungus, etc (anything that you learn in your Biology classroom). This is a part of our STEAM-centered learning.

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2. Assemble your team of minimum 2 or maximum 4 students, and your tools: a diary/journal of your experience/observation, images/photos, recordings from your Biology classroom. Learn to use Google Doc for PC desktop or Google Docs for Android for collaborating online, if possible. It only needs your Gmail account to sign-in/get access via invite link. You can also collaborate offline.

 

3. Write your composition draft (check your word choices and spelling using apps like Google Translate, Kamusku, English Verbs, Grammarly, and many others), and submit it here: GOOGLE FORM or via WhatsApp. If you collaborate online using Google Docs, just share the link with me.

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4. I'll give you the feedback and you'll be ready to revise it.

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5. Submit your composition revision here: GOOGLE FORM or via WhatsApp. If you collaborate online using Google Docs, then I'll just sign in to see. 

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6. I'll give you the feedback and you will do the final revision. You just need to resubmit it through any of the channels provided in step 4 above. It will be in your portfolio.

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Project 2

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Are you familiar with infographics? In this project, you are going to create the infographic of your previous writing project:

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1. Assemble your team of minimum 2 or maximum 4 students, and your tools: a diary/journal of your product making, images/photos, recordings. Let's use Canva Free Infographic Maker for the designing work. You are also going to create a Canva account (sign up) if you haven't got one, using your email account and a special password for your Canva account. You can then collaborate online using the Canva invite link or work together offline.

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2. Submit your first work here: GOOGLE FORM or via WhatsApp.

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3. I'll give you the feedback and you'll be ready to revise it.

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4. Submit your revision here: GOOGLE FORM or via WhatsApp.

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5. If it's good for you and me, it will be up on my Social Media channels (Facebook and WhatsApp).

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Project 3

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Dare to film yourself? In this project, you are going to create a micro-teaching or presentation video:

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1. Assemble your team of minimum 2 or maximum 4 students, and your tools: your writing from project 1, your infographic from project 2, and yourselves as the narrator and the editor. 

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2. Practice a micro-teaching or narrating or presenting, make sure your pronunciation is correct using Google Translate or any other available apps. Pay attention to your setting, the lighting, the cleanliness of your surrounding, your own appearances, things you want to show in the video related to your script.

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3. Learn how to use a video editor app for a better final cut. Check here for the options: The 21 Best Video Editing Apps for Android, iPhone, and iPad OR here Video editing software: The 17 best tools for 2020

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4. Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation can also be used to create a video. You just need to export it to a video format, which you can find on the "File" menu.

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5. You can also add cool sound/music to your video. Bensound and Soundcloud are examples of great sites where you can download free sound/music but don't forget to give credit (write the source of the sound/music in your video). Some of the sounds/music have no copyright, which is awesome!

 

6. Create your micro-teaching/presentation video and submit it here: UPLOAD VIDEO or via WhatsApp.

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7. I'll give you the feedback and it will be up to you if you want to revise. You just need to resubmit it through any of the channels provided in step 6 above. If it's good for you and me, it will be up on my YouTube channel.

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© 2016 by Satrih

  • Satrih Lulu
  • Satrih Lulu
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